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Determining Moisture Content in Hexamine - pt.7, 8 Chemist |
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Moisture Determination by Gravimetric Method: Repeat Analysis of Hexamine Required - Part 7
I reported the results of the hexamine analysis to the director: the gravimetric method was inapplicable, and the alternative method was unavailable. Naturally, I was sure the matter was closed: we couldn't perform the analysis unless they bought us a Karl Fischer titrator. And the institute definitely wouldn't buy one.
Определение влаги гравиметрическим методом: необходимо повторить анализ уротропина - Часть 7 However, a little later, the director called me and said that the customers had asked him to... repeat the analysis. Moreover, this time I was to use the urotropine from the sack the customers had brought. I told the director that I had neither the time nor the inclination to perform this meaningless task. The analysis wouldn't work with other urotropine either, since the substance sublimes when heated. I'm not sure whether the director understood me, since his specialty - nuclear physics - is quite far removed from analytical chemistry. In any case, the director offered me one of his employees (he is also a physicist) to assist me, as well as his department's laboratory, which was much better equipped than my current one. I didn't argue and agreed. The hexamine in the sack turned out to be in lumps, some 30-40 centimeters in size. They had to be crushed by striking one lump against another. Together with an employee of the director's department, we analyzed the moisture content of the hexamine gravimetrically, using a procedure similar to the one described in the previous parts of this article. Or rather, I only described the analysis - what he should do - and the physicist performed the actual analysis. This time, he used wide aluminum weighing bottles, which had a significantly larger diameter than the glass weighing bottles in which I had dried the hexamine. The sample masses were approximately 1 gram, the temperature was 105°C, and the heating time was 1 hour. After cooling and weighing the samples, the physicist calculated the mass loss in grams. I explained to him that the mass loss should be expressed as a percentage of the original sample mass. The resulting mass loss was between 4.8% and 5.8%. In my case, the mass loss had been approximately 2% under the same conditions. At first, I double-checked the physicist's calculations for errors, but I already knew they were correct. The weighing bottles had a much larger diameter and therefore provided a larger surface area from which the hexamine could sublime, causing the substance to evaporate faster. We analyzed another sample of hexamine that was already in the laboratory, and the result was similar. After learning the result (4.8-5.8%), the customer said that this couldn't be true: "At this moisture content, hexamine becomes transparent." Apparently, he meant that the presence of liquid water in the hexamine becomes visually noticeable. I agreed. Unlike our director, the customer understood that the method was inapplicable. Furthermore, the customer brought me liter bottles of Karl Fischer solutions 1 and 2 and gave them to me. I explained that determining water by Karl Fischer titration is a much more complex analysis than, for example, titrating an acid with an alkali. A special titration apparatus would have to be assembled. Specifically, the Karl Fischer reagents would need to be protected from atmospheric moisture. This is why people now use specialized automatic Karl Fischer titrators instead of homemade titration systems. For example, Mettler Toledo produces such equipment. I didn't take photographs of the hexamine analysis described above - I had no desire to capture the same procedure. The photographs below are illustrative: they show the determination of moisture in a different substance which, unlike hexamine, is neither volatile nor hygroscopic. Working with such a substance is a pleasure! |
Hexamine |
Hexamine |
Also hexamine... |
Moisture Determination by Gravimetric Method (Not Hexamine) |
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Karl Fischer Reagent |
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